For configuration procedures related to the concepts in the following topics, see About trunk groups and Configuring trunks and channels.
To better apply the general trunking concepts described in these topics to your specific situation, refer to your Service Confirmation Letter and Trunk Provisioning Information Form from your service provider.
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Before reading more about Wave trunks, you should understand how we use the following terms in the documentation and user interface.
| • | Trunk. The transmission media by which the central office or your service provider sends your phone and data signals, typically over cabling that plugs into various Wave hardware components. |
In Wave terminology, we refer to analog trunks as either trunks or channels in the documentation, and as channels in the Management Console user interface.
| • | Digital trunk. Transport multiple channels of traffic. Each digital channel can carry a single voice call or up to 1.544 Megabits per second (Mbps) of data traffic. |
| • | Line. See Channel, above. Typically refers to analog, not digital channel. |
| • | Trunk group. Indicates a grouping of analog or digital channels. These groupings can handle inbound calls, outbound calls, or both, depending on the trunk group or connection type, and they can handle only voice traffic. |
| • | Connection. A Wave term used to indicate a grouping of digital channels configured to handle network traffic. These groupings can handle only data traffic. |
| • | Card or module. A Wave hardware component into which the cables carrying the signals from the central office (your trunks) plug. |
| • | Port. The physical receptacles, one per trunk, on a card or module into which cables plug. |
Some terms are used differently when referring to analog vs. digital media. The following table describes these differences (card, module, and port are not included in the table, because these terms are identical across analog and digital media.)
|
Term |
Analog |
Digital |
|
Channel |
A single call; same as trunk and line |
A single call or data connection |
|
Trunk |
A single channel, call; same as channel and line |
Multiple channels carrying multiple calls or data connections |
|
Trunk group |
A named, specified group of voice channels, or trunks |
A named, specified group of voice channels |
|
Connection |
N/A |
A named, specified group of data channels |
Wave supports both analog and digital trunks. Your central office provisions each of your trunks for specific handshake and signaling options, which they provide in your Service Confirmation Letter. You must enter these values in Wave for the trunks to operate properly with the equipment on the service-provider end of each trunk.
Before you configure trunks, ensure that your trunk groups are configured appropriately. For more information about trunk groups, see Trunk groups. For trunk group configuration procedures, see About trunk groups.
The Integrated Services Card in your Wave Server provides 4 analog trunk ports. Additional analog trunk ports may be available if one or more modules that provide analog trunk ports (Analog Trunk Module or Analog Universal Module) are installed on your Wave Server. Each trunk can carry a single voice call or a single 56 Kbps modem data call.
Note: The Wave Server supports one 56 Kb modem call using the internal modem on the Integrated Services Card. You can connect additional modems externally to analog station ports.
For trunk configuration procedures, see Configuring trunks and channels
The Wave Server supports the following digital connections:
The Wave Server supports data connections up to 1.544 Megabits per second (Mbps) and can switch voice and data traffic from four T-1 connections simultaneously.
For T-1 configuration procedures, see Configuring digital trunks and channels.
In addition, the T-1 card incorporates a T-1/DS0 Multiplexor, also known as the DS0 Digital Access Cross-Connect Switch, that provides the capability—in software and without additional hardware—to individually cross-connect DS0s (a single channel) from one digital interface to another, allowing DS0s to pass through the Wave without terminating on an internal device. To do this, you assign the T-1/DS0 Mux connection to the channels you want to cross-connect to another T-1 interface. You connect one of your T-1 ports to your incoming T-1 connection and another T-1 port to the external device (for example, another router).
For DS0 Mux configuration procedures, see Configuring digital trunks and channels.
You can specify the ISDN Type of Number (TON) and Numbering Plan Identifier (NPI) to enable connections to operate on different ISDN networks. When using ISDN PRI for a connection, you reduce the available channels by one per circuit.
For ISDN configuration procedures, see Configuring digital channels for ISDN.
By assigning analog or digital trunks to trunk groups, you enable the voice paths to the PBX subsystems of Wave. By assigning digital channels to data connections, you enable data paths to the network subsystems of Wave.
Before you work with analog or digital trunks on Wave, you might need to configure groupings of them. For trunk group configuration procedures, see About trunk groups.
Digital trunk groups can handle either voice or data traffic, and analog trunk groups can handle voice traffic.
| • | Voice. Analog or digital trunk groups configured for voice traffic direct inbound calls to a specific extension (station, hunt group, modem, or fax machine) and direct outbound calls from an extension to an available trunk of the trunk group. |
| • | Data. Digital connections bind WAN data traffic to and from the Wave LAN segment(s) and direct data signals traveling via channels directly to logical router interfaces of the Microsoft Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). This is how Local Area Network (LAN) traffic is passed to and received from the connection. |
You can use the following connections to transport data between the Wave Server and the WAN:
| • | DS0/Mux |
| • | Serial, which enables you to cross-connect digital channels to a serial interface to an external router |
Wave default trunk groups and connections
Wave provides default groupings that you can use to quickly group a set of analog or digital channels.
The following table describes the default analog and digital trunk groups, which appear in the Trunk Groups applet.
|
Default Group |
Description |
|
Voice Analog |
Configured to direct incoming analog voice traffic to a default destination (attendant, extension 0). |
|
Voice Digital |
Not configured. A named, placeholder trunk group for you to configure. |
|
Not configured. A named, placeholder trunk group for you to configure. |
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DID Digital |
Not configured. A named, placeholder trunk group for you to configure. |
|
Modems |
Configured to direct data traffic traveling on either digital channels or analog trunks to an internal 56 Kbps modem in the Wave Server (hunt group 570). This group routes data traffic for dial-up or dial-in computer client connections. The channel or trunk assigned to the Modem group should be dedicated lines (phone numbers).
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In most call routing scenarios you do not need to create additional groups—the defaults should provide you with the functionality that you need.
You might need to create new trunk groups, however, to handle multiple-trunk call-termination scenarios. If so, you need all of the trunk information available from your service provider, for example:
| • | The range of DID numbers |
| • | Whether the DID T-1 channels and analog trunks are inbound or bidirectional (2-way) |
| • | How many digits are they sending (usually 3 or 4) |
If your call scenario requires additional groups, see About trunk groups.
The following table describes the default data connection, which appears in the Trunk Configuration applet.
|
Default Connection |
Description |
|
T-1/DS0 Mux |
Configured to provide the capability—in software and without additional hardware—to individually cross-connect DS0s from one digital interface to another, allowing DS0s to pass through the Wave without terminating on an internal device. |
When users make outbound calls on Wave, the hunt type of the associated trunk group determines how an available analog trunk or digital channel is located. Trunk groups can hunt in either a linear or a circular fashion and either of those hunt types can be used in forward or reverse order.
When you configure trunk groups, you will set the hunt type for each. For trunk group configuration procedures, see About trunk groups.
Glare occurs when an incoming call and an outgoing call select the same channel simultaneously. For example, GlareGlobalAdministrator occurs when Wave receives a call from the network on a channel it has just selected to initiate an outbound call. In this case, Wave allows the inbound call to use that channel and retries the outbound call on a different channel.
Reverse-order hunting helps reduce collisions with the central office’s incall hunt group. The central office will typically use incall hunt groups that are linear and start with the lowest trunk or channel.
To minimize Glare:
| 1 | Determine the central office (network side of the connection) hunt order. |
| 2 | Configure Wave (user side of the connection) for the opposite hunt order. |
For example, if the central office is configured for linear hunting, configure Wave for reverse linear hunting.
Note: When connecting two Wave Servers together using ISDN, set the network side of the connection to the linear hunt type and the user side to the reverse linear hunt type.
Assume channels 1 through 5 belong to the same outbound trunk group.
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound connection |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 1: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 2: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 3: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound connection |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 1: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 2: available—call placed |
In this example, each time a request for an external line is made (typically by the user dialing 9 to access an external line) the trunk group members (individual digital channels) are searched in order.
Reverse-order linear searching
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel5: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 4: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 3: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 5: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 4: available—call placed |
Forward-order circular searching
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 1: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 2: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 3: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 4: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 5: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 1: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 2: available—call placed |
Reverse-order circular searching
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 5: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 4: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 3: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 2: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 1: available—call placed |
| • | Request for external line: accepted by outbound trunk group |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 5: busy |
| • | Check digital channel, channel 4: available—call placed |